ai-dh-, i-dh-, nasal. i-n-dh- (*heu̯i-ĝh-)

    ai-dh-, i-dh-, nasal. i-n-dh- (*heu̯i-ĝh-)

    English meaning: to burn

    Note: Common Illyr. -ĝh- > -dh- phonetic mutation

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “brennen, leuchten”

    Material: O.Ind. inddhḗ “ inflamed, is aroused “ (pass. idhyáte, perf. īdhḗ , part. perf. Pass iddhá-ḥ), indhana-m “ lighting “. Gk. αἴθω “ lights, burns “ (αἰθόμενος), αἴθων, αἶθοψ “ igneously, sparkling “, ἰθαίνεσθαι θερμαίνεσθαι Hes., hylleisch αἰδῶσσα αἴθουσα “loggia”; changing by ablaut κακ-ιθής Hes. “ravenously” (W. Schulze KZ. 29, 269 = Kl. Schr. 329). common Gk.-Illyr. -ks- > -ssphonetic mutation o-St.:Gk. αἶθος m. “fire” (αἰθός “burntly”) = O.Ind. ēdha-ḥ ̣m. “Firewood” = O.E. üd, O.H.G. M.H.G. eit m. “ Glow, pyre “: zero grade probably Nor. Swe. id “ leuciscus idus” (a bright carp kind), cf Ger. dial. aitel “ leuciscus cephalus” as the “ shining “; besides u- stem *aidhuin Gaul. VN Aedui, O.Ir. áed “fire”, also as MN; Lat. aedēs “ a dwelling of the gods, a sanctuary, a temple “, ursprũngl. “ the domestic stove “, also aedis = Maced. ἄδις ἐσχάρα Hes. From the verbal adjective in -to- derived probably Lat. aestüs, - ütis “warm season, summer “ (from *aisto-tüt-, IE *aidh-to-); aestus, - ūs (from *aidh-tu-) “heat, glow, surf”, aestuüre “ cook, surge, roar “; Maybe Alb. (*aestü-, *vesna, *vièsientá) vjeshta “autumn, harvest time (long summer)”: Go. asans “harvest time, summer” [common Alb. prothetic v- before bare initial vowels] hence Vesta “goddess of hearth and its sacred fire” was an Illyrian goddess, also Alb. vatra (*vastra) “hearth” with -tre suffix. aGmc. MN Aistomōdius (“ with quick-tempered courage “), O.E. üst f. “dried stove”, Eng. oast “drying room, drying loft”. r- formants: Gk. αἰθήρ “the upper air” (Maced. ἀδῆ), αἴθρα “the cheerful sky” (Maced. ἀδραιά), αἴθριος “brightly, cheerfully (from the weather)”, for what changing by ablaut ἰθαρός “cheerfully”, O.Ind. vīdhrá - (=vi-idh-rá-) ds. l- formants: Gk. αἰθάλη, αἴθαλος ‘soot”, Maced. ἄδαλος; under acceptance of a development from ‘shining, appearing” “ too apparently “ one puts a little bit constrainedly here O.E. īdel “vain, pointless, trifling”, O.H.G. ītal, Ger. eitel. In IE *aidh-lo- is based Gmc. ail- in O.E. ǣlan “burn” to ül n. “Flame”, and in O.E. ǣled m., O.Ice. eldr (gen. elds) “ fire, flame “. From different development-grading O.E. ǣled are borrowed Welsh aelwyd, Bret. oaled “ from fire, stove “ (M. Förster Themse 4872). M.Ir. üel “lime” could have originated from *aidh-lo-. However, could Gmc. and Celt. words be formed also directly by the root 4. 4. ü̆i- with -lo-suffix. s-formants: es-St. Gk. αἴθος n. “Glow, fire” = O.Ind. ḗdhas- n. “Firewood”. Continuing formation: aisl eisa f. (*aidh-s-ōn) “fire”, Nor. “Hearth”, M.L.G. ēse f. “chimney, fire stove “ (however, O.H.G. essa “ chimney, hearth “ see under ü̆s- “ burn “); Av. aēsma m. “Firewood” (*aidh-s-mo-, cf without s O.Ind. idhmá-ḥ m. ds.); in addition Balt *aismiü in Lith. íesmė “firewood”; Lith. aistrà f. “ passion “; O.Cz. niestějě (fem. pl.) “ stove “, later nístěj (with n- suggestion by wrong decomposition of the connections *vъn-ěstěję, vъn-ěstějachъ, Berneker 275) from *aidh-s-to; in addition zro grades *idh-s-to- in Slov. iste ́je, ste ́je pl. “ stove hole “; to Johansson IF. 19, 136 also O.Ind. iṣ̌ ṭ akü “ of burnt bricks “, Av. ištya- n. “ brick, (backed brick) “. In *indh- goes back: Alb.Gheg idhunɛ, Tosc idhëtë “bitter”, Tosc idhɛrím “bitterness, anger, irritation”, hį̄ dhitë pl. “nettle” (Jokl studies 29).

    Note: Alb. and Gk. are the only IE languages to preserve the old laryngeal ḫ- in : Alb.Gheg hidhun “bitter”, hithra “nettle”;

    References: WP. I 5, WH. 15, 20, 843, Trautmann 3, Schwyzer Gk. I 347. Probably to ü̆i-4. Here also belongs aisk-, if originated from aidh-s-k- .